(formal, literary) new, novel / fresh / renewed / 灼: efficacious

to construct, to build up

he / distal demonstrative, something far off removed from both speaker and listener: that / boyfriend

distal demonstrative, something far off removed from both speaker and listener: that, yon / particularly, male personal third person pronoun: he / by extension from he: boyfriend

he; boyfriend

subjugate

earth, dirt / fabric, cloth / (game of Go) territory

kingdom (realm ruled by a king and/or queen) / (figuratively): kingdom (realm or conceptual space where something is dominant)

earth; ground

earth, land, ground / a place, a region, a piece of land / territory, dominion / (of a crate, etc.) the bottom / (printing, of a page) the bottom margin