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五段活用
noun
(grammar) a verbal conjugation class consisting of five alternating bases: -a, -i, -u, -e, and -o
四段活用
noun
(Classical Japanese grammar) a verbal conjugation class consisting of four alternating bases: -a, -i, -u, and -e
二段活用
noun
(grammar) The Classical Japanese bigrade verb conjugation class, consisting of the two subclasses of 上(かみ)二(に)段(だん)活(かつ)用(よう) (kami nidan katsuyō, “upper-bigrade conjugation”) and 下(しも)二(に)段(だん)活(かつ)用(よう) (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower-bigrade conjugation”)
一栄一落
noun
vicissitudes, the way that the world or a person prospers one day and declines the next
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