八つ: eight things

病: illness

遣る: (colloquial) to do / 演る: (colloquial) to act, to perform, such as in a film or musical act / 遣る: to give (to a non-human or someone inferior) / 遣る: to send somebody somewhere, to dispatch

hurrah! yay! I made it! (an interjection expressing approval, appreciation, or happiness.)

past tense of やる

past of や (ya): (dialect) was

弥太郎: a male given name

volitional form of やる (yaru) [godan]

volitional form of や (ya, “is, are”)

(archaic, dialect) “isn't it?” / (archaic, dialect) expresses uncertainty or indefiniteness